Skip to content

Dark Nights

For Mutual Aid & Solidarity

  • Contact
  • Distro
  • Direct Action
  • PGP Key
  • Financial Solidarity

Author: darknights

Italy: Juan Sorroche and Marco Marino – Words of solidarity of anarchist prisoners in AS2 in Terni prison in response to the words of anarchist prisoners, subversives, fighting from Chilean prisons (August 21, 2023)

Posted on 2023/09/01 - 2023/09/01 by darknights

WORDS OF SOLIDARITY FROM ANARCHIST PRISONERS OF AS2 TERNI IN RESPONSE TO THE WORDS OF ANARCHIST PRISONERS, SUBVERSIVES, IN STRUGGLE FROM CHILEAN PRISONS

“Your struggle is ours, every gesture against this world has your imprint… because we are one pack that never forgets its own and its own, regardless, of where we are” – Public letter by Marcelo Villarroel, September 14, 2019

– Internationalist solidarity for the end of the sentence and freedom of comrade Marcelo Villarroel Sepúlveda, arrested in Argentina in 2008 after nearly 16 years in prison. Coinciding with the 50th anniversary of Pinochet’s military “coup” in Chile, wanted and created by North American imperialism as in Ukraine today, the comrade is sentenced by Pinochet’s legacy military justice. Today this legal aberration is applied, which coexists comfortably with the consensus democracy of the Chilean state, now ruled by the Boric left. Democracy and reactionary fascism are two sides of the same coin, tools of the Imperialist-State.

– Solidarity in the face of the beginning of the trial against comrades Mónica Caballero and Francisco Solar [the judicial hearing, the main trial phase, began on July 18], the vengeance of state rule does not stop against those who go on the offensive by attacking its untouchability and impunity.

– Solidarity with Comrade Juan Aliste Vega, also convicted by Pinochet’s military justice, and Comrade Joaquin Garcia Chancks.

– Solidarity for the downgrading of anarchist Alfredo Cospito from 41 bis. Against 41 bis, out everyone, and for the abolition of life imprisonment.

– Solidarity with comrade Anna Beniamino and Alfredo Cospito convicted in a political trial on the abnormal charge of Article 285 c. p. p., massacre against the security of the state, or commonly called political massacre, this is the first time a massacre without massacre against the internal enemy has been used in this way in Italy. Article 285 c. p. c., massacre against the security of the state, has not been applied to the massacres that have been perpetrated in this country, Piazza Fontana, the Bologna station, Piazza della Loggia, since the 1970s of the so-called strategy of tension, massacres carried out by the Italian state, but, like Pinochet’s “coup”, wanted and created by North American imperialism in its struggle to keep the world under its control. Continue reading “Italy: Juan Sorroche and Marco Marino – Words of solidarity of anarchist prisoners in AS2 in Terni prison in response to the words of anarchist prisoners, subversives, fighting from Chilean prisons (August 21, 2023)” →

Posted in Prison StruggleTagged 'political massacre', 41 bis, Alfredo Cospito, Anarchist Prisoners, Andreas Krebs, Anna Beniamino, AS2 (High Security 2), Augusto Pinochet, Belarus, Bezmotivny, Boris, C.D.P. Santiago 1 Prison, Chile, Claudio Lavazza, Davide Delogu, Dayvid Ceccarelli, Dimitris Hatzivassiliadis, Emilia Bau, Eric King, Fotis D., Francisco Solar Domínguez, Gabriel Boric, Gabriel Pombo da Silva, Giannis Michailidis, International Solidarity, Italy, Ivan Alocco, Joaquin Garcia Chanks, Juan Aliste Vega, Juan Flores Riquelme, Juan Sorroche, Life Imprisonment, Mapuche, Marcelo Villarroel Sepulveda, Marco Marino 'Zac', Mauricio Morales, Military Junta, Monica Caballero Sepulveda, Nikos Maziotis, Operation Scripta Manent, Operation Scripta Scelera, Piazza Fontana Massacre, Pola Roupa, Punky Mauri, Russia, San Miguel prison, Sebastian Oversluij, Subversive Prisoners, Thanos Chatziangelou, Toby Shone, Tomas, Ukraine

Argentina: A wave of looting across the country

Posted on 2023/09/01 - 2023/09/01 by darknights

Plagued by inflation, Argentina is facing a wave of looting

In Argentina, a wave of looting of supermarkets and shops over the past four days has put the country on alert, reviving traumatic memories of the “Gran Crisis” of 2001 [See here the brochure Recueil de textes argentins (2001-2003), ed. Mutines Seditions, 2003], against the backdrop of presidential elections scheduled for October. Although the government denies any causal link, the wave comes at a time when the Argentine peso has just been devalued by around 20% in mid-August. Latin America’s third-largest economy is grappling with endemic inflation, which has been in double digits for over twelve years, and is now running at 115% year-on-year. JPMorgan even expects inflation to reach 190% by the end of the year. Inflation is so high that in May, the government launched a 2,000 peso banknote, the largest ever in circulation.

The looting, which has occurred in the southern Patagonian city of Bariloche, around the capital Buenos Aires and in the Mendoza wine-growing region, is the work of small groups who break into shops to steal food and other goods. Gangs of 20, 40 or more people descend on a supermarket or other business in “piranha attack” mode, or smaller groups, driven by last-minute appeals via social networks, sometimes force their way into closed stores. The assailants grab food, but also whatever they can find: alcohol, cigarettes, various and sundry objects, as evidenced by the full supermarket carts abandoned when the police arrived. Sometimes, as in Moreno on Tuesday, the store is set on fire.

In all, almost 200 people – many of them minors, sometimes aged 12 or 14 – have been arrested in four days, following looting or attempted looting, often halted by the police, in the provinces of Cordoba (central), Mendoza (west) and Neuquen (south), and more than a hundred since Monday in the “Conurbano”, the huge suburbs of Buenos Aires. On Wednesday August 23, the Buenos Aires government reported that in the capital, there had been more than 150 looting attempts at the same time, with 94 people arrested.

Today, August 24, the Argentine press announced that the national government has formalized the creation of unified commands to prevent looting. These Unified Commands of the Federal Police and Security Forces will be made up of the National Intelligence Directorate and the Secretariat of Security and Criminal Policy, the Argentine Federal Police, the National Gendarmerie, the Naval Prefecture and the Airport Security Police, as well as representatives of the police forces of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires and the provinces.

Buenois Aires cops deployed to prevent supermarket lootingDitto Patagonia, August 23, 2023

[Quick summary of the Argentine & French-language press, August 24, 2023]

Source: Sans Noms

 

Posted in GeneralTagged Argentina, Expropriation, Gran Crisis 2001, Inflation, Looting, Social War

The Simplest Way to Burn a Vehicle

Posted on 2023/09/01 - 2023/09/01 by darknights

In light of the actions that happened last month, I wanted to encourage everyone to revisit this post. Many of the points made about riotous moments apply to clandestine action as well.

If the people at 890 Memorial Drive intended to burn the vehicles, it was not a good idea to smash windows. Not only does this increase the risk of leaving DNA, breaking a window is very loud and likely to attract attention from passerby — which is exactly what interrupted that action, according to police. As demonstrated in this video, a firestarter cube, placed directly on a front tire (or the rear tire on the same side as the gas tank), is sufficient to assure the destruction of the vehicle. Once lit, it takes about five minutes for the firestarter to fully ignite the tire, which is plenty of time to leave the area unnoticed in most cases. Firestarter cubes can be purchased or racked at any grocery store. Cottonballs covered in vaseline can also work as a firestarter.

I’m not sure how long of a time-delay the people who burned the motorcycles were aiming for. It seemed like they used delays that were not sufficiently tested, which resulted in at least one failed incendiary device being recovered. Unless it was important to have a longer time-delay, I think that placing firestarters directly on the tires would have worked better. This method is much less likely to leave DNA traces because there is no need to construct an incendiary device or to carry accelerant at all. This is the beauty of targeting vehicles with rubber tires! Fuel tanks can be punctured or the hoses that run from them cut for another source of accelerant.

Incendiary devices with long time-delays are better suited to heavy machinery with treads, or to structure fires, so I encourage everyone to keep working on their designs! But in the meantime, let’s not overcomplicate things. I’d like to issue a friendly challenge to all individuals and AGs in the movement to take a little break from internet discourse, get outside, and set some shit on fire!

Don’t forget to take all reasonable precautions to minimize DNA evidence. And please be careful about surveillance footage, although avoiding it completely is almost imposssible in Atlanta.

Submitted Anonymously Over Email

Source: Scenes from Atlanta Forest

DN: Please also read the following which recommends using wrapped/packeted firelighters that don’t leave a trace unlike other firelighters such as what is shown that can crumble and leave behind evidence. https://darknights.noblogs.org/post/2023/03/12/pdf-how-to-burn-cars-manuals/

Posted in Direct ActionTagged 'There are no isolated arsonists', Arson, DNA, How To, Manual, Vehicle Burning, Video

U$A: Vertiv Corporation Trucks Set On Fire – Milwaukie OR

Posted on 2023/09/01 by darknights

Last week, to commemorate the International Week of Solidarity with Anarchist Prisoners, under the cover of darkness a small incendiary device was placed on the wheel arc of a Vertiv truck located on the edge of a sleepy office park in Milwaukie OR. The delay was lit before we disappeared back into the forest

Vertiv Corporation develops critical support equipment and services for commercial IT systems—technology that is utilized by United States military in addition to state and federal law enforcement agencies, such as the FBI and ICE. Vertiv is part of the broad corporate infrastructure of state repression that condemns us all to a world of mass surveillance, borders, and militarized police

AGAINST COP CITY

This action was inspired in part by the continued militancy and creativity of the movement to stop the construction of Cop City in Atlanta GA. Cop City is a testing ground for other law enforcement agencies across the country to construct similar facilities—continuing a broader trend towards the militarization of policing and domestic counter-insurgency. For their part, Vertiv is a supplier to the Atlanta Police Department. Just in the year 2023 alone, the APD paid Vertiv $168,315 to utilize their technology.

Cop City is everywhere, so our resistance will be everywhere. March 5th was our call to war…

For Tort

For Rayshard Brooks

March 5th Movement (M5M)

Source: Scenes from the Atlanta Forest

Posted in Direct ActionTagged Atlanta Forest, Atlanta Police Department, FBI, ICE, Incendiary Attack, International Week of Solidarity With Anarchist Prisoners, March 5th Movement (M5M), Milwaukie, Oregon, Tortuguita, USA, Vehicle Burning, Vertiv Corporation, “Cop City”

Berlin, Germany: Arson Attack Against a Vehicle Owned by Environment-Destroyer Züblin

Posted on 2023/08/22 by darknights

(B) Switch Off! Neighborhood and environment destroyer Züblin

Somebody has to build all this shit, the highways through forests, the jails, the palaces of the rich in the formerly green backyards of Berlin’s old buildings, the concrete aisles along the banks of the Spree River.

As we walk through the city, we repeatedly encounter the signs of a handful of companies that want to use them to mark who owns the city. Among them is Züblin, a construction corporation that pours cement on the explosive increase in rents. Züblin has long been active in the business of the capitalist attack on our living spaces, and was already targeted forty years ago for this reason, when construction machinery burned because of its involvement in the construction of Runway West in Frankfurt. During the Nazi regime, Züblin used forced laborers at Frankfurt Airport. Through its connection with Strabag, Züblin has become one of the leading tree killers, see the expansion of the A49 through the Danni or A66 through the Fechenheimer forest.

Naming such actors and sabotaging them unpredictably can be a modest contribution to the long-term wave of action towards revolt.

On the night of August 10, we shut down a Züblin vehicle with fire in Kreuzberg, Alexandrinenstraße.

The attack of the day before on the occupied houses in Habersaathstr. by a security company on behalf of the real estate mafia, shows the determination of our opponents to subjugate the city at any price in their pursuit of profit. There is nothing left but to target all profiteers of these exploitative relations.

Our action took place in a neighborhood that has been completely transformed in recent years in favor of the new urban elites. The nocturnal crackling of their vehicles is supposed to be part of the disturbing background music of the workers of Züblin, Amazon, DB & Co, when they want to regenerate in their new fancy apartments for another productive working day.

Group for the Shutdown of the Construction Industry

Via: Abolition Media

Source: https://de.indymedia.org/node/297500

Translated by Nae Midion

Posted in Direct ActionTagged arson attack, Berlin, Environment Destroyer, Fechenheimer forest, Germany, Group for the Shutdown of the Construction Industry, Kreuzberg, Runway West, Strabag, Switch OFF! the system of destruction – NOW!, Züblin

Italy: Operation ”Scripta Scelera” against the fortnightly “Bezmotivny”: first initiatives in solidarity, a brief update, some observations

Posted on 2023/08/22 by darknights

Soidarity is our weapon! Actforfree receive and translated and spread :

pdf italian :

——————

Operation ”Scripta Scelera” against the fortnightly “Bezmotivny”: first initiatives in solidarity, a brief update, some observations

In the early morning of Tuesday, August 8th, a repressive operation – ridiculously named Scripta Scelera (these fine people always come up with some “ambitious” or suggestive name for their operations) [Latin: “written crimes”] – was unleashed by the State’s repressive apparatus in various cities. It was aimed at shutting down the anarchist internationalist fortnightly magazine “Bezmotivny”, thereby striking the action of publication of analysis and reflection as well as, and in particular, texts claiming actions, sabotage and initiatives of attack undertaken by anarchists and revolutionaries throughout the world against the State and capital.

Let’s take a brief look at the facts. Mainly involving anarchist comrades in Carrara and the “Gogliardo Fiaschi” Anarchist Cultural Circle, the operation consisted of notification of an investigation against 10 comrades, all of whom were subjected to house searches (as well as that against the above-mentioned anarchist circle), and significant seizures of newspapers and various publications. Concerning the 10 under investigation (for whom Genovese public prosecutor Manotti twice requested their arrest in prison), the judge for the preliminary investigations ordered house arrest with all restrictions (including electronic ankle bracelets, which were not applied due to lack of the necessary equipment) for four of the comrades, a night curfew from 19.00 to 7am for another five, while one comrade has no restrictions (at the police station they notified him of a two years’ compulsory expulsion order from the province of La Spezia). One of the comrades under house arrest was initially taken to prison on order of the same prosecutor, due to the fact that he did not have a certificate of residence. In the context of the operation, a printing press in Avenza, where the paper had recently been printed, was also shut down (and later re-opened).

Continue reading “Italy: Operation ”Scripta Scelera” against the fortnightly “Bezmotivny”: first initiatives in solidarity, a brief update, some observations” →

Posted in GeneralTagged 'Subversive Association', 270bis, 41 bis, Alfredo Cospito, Bezmotivny, Carrara, Italy, La Spezia, Operation Scripta Scelera, Repression, Solidarity Demo, “Gogliardo Fiaschi” Anarchist Cultural Circle

Italy: Update on Alfredo Cospito’s situation and call for solidarity

Posted on 2023/08/22 by darknights

The latest news we’ve got about Alfredo, still in prison in Bancali
(Sassari) under the 41bis regime, are that his health is stable, he is
physically sound and has regained weight after his six-month hunger
strike. Unfortunately, he receives very little mail, almost none. Also,
when the prison withholds letters, postcards or telegrams, often he’s
not informed by prison staff. He thus finds himself subjected to an even
higher and more arbitrary censorship than the already harsh one of 41
bis. Let’s not let him lack our solidarity! We urge all to write letters
or postcards using registered mail with return receipt requested, to
increase the chances that, if they are withheld from him, he will be at
least notified.
Against all prisons!

Cassa Antirepressione Alpi Occidentali

Alfredo Cospito
Casa Circondariale di Sassari, località Bancali, 07100 Sassari SS,
Italia

Source: Il Rovescio

Posted in Prison StruggleTagged 41 bis, Alfredo Cospito, Bancali prison, Hunger Strike, Italy

Poster: Against the repression against anarchists in Indonesia

Posted on 2023/08/17 by darknights

Against the repression against anarchists in Indonesia

In the past few years we have seen a massive crackdown on anarchist individuals and cells by the State. Though in some cases it was arbitrary arrests of individuals, the recent state-sponsored studies on anarchist activity in Indonesia has been brought to our attention.
It is because of these reasons and also to secure our comrades that are already targeted by the State that we need better infrastructure of resistance in this era of social control and surveillance. The necessity of this proposed solidarity infrastructure is part of our continual revolt against the state and its apparatus. We are not paranoid or overwhelmed by fear, in fact the opposite, we want to strike harder than before and we want to get better at storming the heavens. You can support our infrastructure of resistance project:

Paypal: https://www.paypal.me/PalangHitam
Bitcoin: bc1qdnwyn9pwccngewszyq67azztdc6cznjhj346vt

Informal Anarchist Groups and Individuals / West Java

FOR ORGANISED INSURRECTIONAL ATTACK!

–

Call for revolutionary solidarity with anarchist comrades in Indonesia

Again the repressive international security state moves against the anarchist tendencies who fight to establish and maintain their existence as a threat to the system. The anarchists in Indonesia who are principled enough to put their words into actions are our comrades in struggle. In an increased atmosphere of anti-anarchist repression against the movement in Indonesia, alongside the criminalization of the Anarchist Black Cross group there, we call for international solidarity and closer contact for mutual aid and common projects, to aid anarchists under repression and help support anarchist infrastructures.

In April 2022, Muh Taufiqrrohman, a security consultant writing for Stratsea, published a short analytic article as part of calls for repression of the anarchist movement in Indonesia. The language of this security ‘expert’ is clearly drawn from the European ‘anti-extremist’ playbook. Since this analysis was no idle threat from Stratsea and the Indonesian regime, we can learn from, and analyze the strategy of European and American security companies to export repressive techniques to new countries for adoption of common approaches at a local level. Similar repressive analysis and implementation can be found as practiced in other countries and we can examine their proposals, understand them and act against them.

For a black international.

–
Stratsea: Uncoding the Indonesia Lone Wolf Anarchist
Written by the author, security consultant Muh Taufiqurrohman
https://stratsea.com/uncoding-the-indonesian-lone-wolf-anarchist/

Posted in Social ControlTagged Black International, Black International of Anarchists of Praxis, Indonesia, Informal Anarchist Groups and Individuals / West Java, International Solidarity, Poster, Repression

Italy: ‘How does it change?’ (Come si cambia?) from the 12th issue of the internationalist anarchist newspaper “Bezmotivny”

Posted on 2023/08/14 - 2023/08/14 by darknights

DN Note: On 8th August a repressive operation has been inflicted upon 10 comrades, resulting in four house arrests with all restrictions, five residence obligations with overnight return, and one comrade in prison due to not having proof of residence. All are accused of the charge of subversive association for the purpose of terrorism (art. 270 bis c. p.) and incitement to commit crimes (art. 424 c. p.) aggravated by the purpose of terrorism, in connection with the publication, as of 2020, of the fortnightly internationalist anarchist “Bezmotivny,” as well as offense to the honor and prestige of the president of the republic and clandestine printing.

We translate and reproduce below the editorial from the last publication of Bezmotivny No.12 ‘Come si cambia?’ (How does it change?)

More about the unfolding operation: https://darknights.noblogs.org/post/2023/08/11/italy-crackdown-operation-against-anarchist-newspaper-bezmotivny/

How does it change?

Within the Italian anarchist movement, is the need and importance of a printed newspaper still felt? In a world dominated by digital and immediacy, is it still subversive and revolutionary to print and disseminate a material tool of anarchist propaganda?

These are two questions that we have been asking ourselves over the two and a half years that the fortnightly “Bezmotivny” has been out, and which become all the more urgent now, at a time when the paper has been going through, unfortunately for several months already, a deep crisis that seriously threatens its existence.

Yes, comrades, “Bezmotivny” is in danger of never coming out again, seriously beset by two fundamental problems.

The first is financial: there is no more money to be able to pay for the printing and mailing of the newspaper. The fact is that nearly 50 percent of subscribers have not yet renewed their subscriptions for the current year, although they continue to receive the periodical. In addition, some places that receive 5 or 10 copies to disseminate it have long since stopped sending us money from newspapers sold. Add to this the increases in paper and shipping costs, and that’s it.

The second problem involves both the editorial staff and, in our opinion, the anarchist movement itself. The editorial staff, inasmuch as only 3 or 4 comrades are now left to work constantly for the release of each issue of the journal, while the others make minimal material contributions. The movement, in that the initial project of “Bezmotivny” to enlarge the editorial area to include other and different comrades outside the Carrara area (from which the idea of the fortnightly came and which saw comrades give heads and arms to the paper) has essentially failed. Failed both in the enlargement of the editorial staff itself and as contributions on certain issues or debates. Because, if there were contributions at certain times, these were unfortunately occasional and did not lead to more constant collaboration on the part of the comrades involved, as was the initial intention of the paper. Collaboration that, beyond the articles or interventions sent, also concerned the diffusion of the periodical within the area of anarchism to which it, for good or ill, referred, and that if on the part of some realities was constant and passionate, on the part of many others unfortunately did not develop. Continue reading “Italy: ‘How does it change?’ (Come si cambia?) from the 12th issue of the internationalist anarchist newspaper “Bezmotivny”” →

Posted in LibraryTagged 'Come si cambia?' (How does it change?), 'Subversive Association', 270bis, Anarchist Newspaper, Bezmotivny, Cladestine Printing, Italy, Repression

Hamburg, Germany: +++ Free all Antifas +++ Free all Prisoners +++, Hamburg Police Academy attacked with stones

Posted on 2023/08/14 by darknights

In the night of June 14-15, we visited buildings of the Police Academy Hamburg at Braamkamp with stones.

We salute the defendants of the Antifa Ost trial and the victims of the 11 hour kettle in Leipzig.

Raise the price for the freedom of our friends!

Against racist attacks and police violence – against the state and its henchmen!

Source: de.indymedia

Posted in Anti-Fascism, Direct ActionTagged Anti-Fascism, Antifa Ost, Cop Attack, Germany, Hamburg, Hamburg Police Academy, Leipzig, Racism, Window Smashing

Posts navigation

Older posts
Newer posts
Honour to the combative memory of Snizana Paraskevaidou
Video: Conspiracy of Cells of Fire – Phoenix Project – An account of the FAI/IRF Project ‘Phoenix’ (Black International) 2015

Counter Information

  • Abolition Media (USA, World)
  • A2Day (Belarus, Ukraine, Russia)
  • Anarchist Federation (World)
  • Asranarshism (Middle East)
  • Athens IMC (Greece)
  • Attaque (France, World)
  • Avtonom (Russia)
  • Bandilang Itim (Phillipines)
  • Barrikade (Switzerland, World)
  • Blessed is the Flame (Greece, World)
  • Chronik (Germany)
  • Contra Info (Latin America, World)
  • Contra Toda Nocividad (Spain)
  • Corrispondenze Anarchiche (World)
  • Czarna Teoria (Poland)
  • Deutschland IMC (Germany)
  • Earth First! (UK)
  • Finimondo (Italy, World)
  • Il Rovescio (Italy, World)
  • Informativo Anarquista (Chile, World)
  • Insendier (Indonesia, World)
  • It's Going Down (USA, Canada)
  • June 11th (USA, World)
  • Kontrapolis (Germany)
  • La Nemesi (Italy, World)
  • Legiun (Indonesia, World)
  • MTL Contre-Info (Canada)
  • North Shore Counter-Info (Canada)
  • Philly Anti-Cap (USA)
  • Rote Hilfe CH (Switzerland)
  • Rote Hilfe DE (Germany)
  • Sans Nom (France)
  • Secours Rouge (Switzerland, World)
  • Squat.net (World)
  • Switch Off (Europe)
  • Takku (Finland)
  • Unoffensive Animal (World)
  • Urban Guerilla - Archive (1960s-1980s)

Security

  • Tails USB
  • TOR Project
  • Ears and Eyes
  • No Trace

Anarchism

  • Edzioni Anarchismo
  • Elephant Editions
  • Anarchist Libraries
  • Anarchist FAQ
  • AK Press UK
  • Active Distribution
  • Anarchist Black Cross Federation USA - Guide
  • Solidarity International
  • Prisoner Solidarity
  • ABC Brighton - Guide

Anti-State Radio Broadcasts

  • 1431AM (Thessaloniki, Greece)
  • A-Radio (Vienna, Austria)
  • A-Radio Berlin (Germany)
  • Radio Kurruf (Chile)
  • Radio Libertaire (France)
  • B(A)D News Radio (Worldwide)
  • Channel Zero (USA)
  • Frequenz A (Leipzig, Germany)
  • It's Going Down (USA)
  • Anarchy Radio/John Zerzan (USA)
  • The Final Straw (USA)
  • Radio Blackout (Italy)
  • Radio Onda d'Urto (Italy)
  • Radio Bandito (Italy)
  • Radio Ondarossa (Italy)
  • Black Hole (Ljubljana, Slovenia)
Proudly powered by WordPress | Theme: micro, developed by DevriX.